Rabu, 26 April 2017

vocabulary in chemistry

1.      Acetone
is a carbonyl compound that is found in the atmosphere as a reactive gas. Acetone is considered to be a volatile organic compound (VOC), which is emitted into the atmosphere by industrial processes. Acetone has been linked to the formation of ozone in the troposphere due to the fact that it is a source of free radicals.

2.      Acidification

This process happens when compounds like ammonia, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides are converted in a chemical reaction into acidic substances. Most of the compounds are a direct result of air pollution.

3.      Acid-pulse (dry deposition)

deposit of powder - like substance over the ground surface; especially effecting plant leaves; that when contacted by water has a very low pH.

4.      Addition reaction
A reaction in which two atoms or groups of atoms are added to a molecule, one on each side of a double or triple bond

5.      Antinodes

points of constructive interference between two waves

6.      Backscattering

      Process by which up to 25% of radiant energy from the sun is reflected or scattered           away from the surface by clouds. Serves the greatest importance in the Atmospheric          Heat Budget. Large errors in the assumed value of this variable may have important   effects on computer models of the atmosphere.

7.      Bayer process

      used to obtain aluminum from bauxite

8.      Benzene

      is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It can be found in the air by several different ways of             transmission. It can be produced for use with plastic or produced through the burning           of fossil fuels.

9.      Binary compound

      A compound consisting of two elements;      may be ionic or covalent.

10.  Buffer solution

Solution that resists change in pH; contains either a weak acid and a soluble ionic salt of the acid or a weak base and a soluble ionic salt of the base.
11.  Coeffecients
 Numbers in front of each substance in a equation.
12.  Compound
 substance in which the atoms of 2 or more elements are combined.
13.  Combustion Reaction 
 Substance reacts with oxygen to make heat and light.
14.  Covalent Bond 
 Attraction formed when elements share electrons.
15.  Chemical Formula
 A formula that shows what elements are in a compound and what it will become.
16.  Distillation 
 A process for separating substances by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor.
17.  Diffusion 
 Spreading of particles throughout a given volume until they are distributed.
18.  Diatomic Molecule
 Consists of 2 atoms of the same element in a covalent compound.
19.  Double Displacement Reaction 
 Two elements replace another to make a product.
20.  Denature
There are two common meanings for this in chemistry. First, it can refer to any process used to make ethanol unfit for consumption (denatured alcohol). Second, denaturing can mean breaking down the three-dimensional structure of a molecule, such as a protein is denatured when exposed to heat.
21.  Electrolyte An electrolyte 
 ionic compound that dissolves in water to produce ions, which can conduct electricity. Strong electrolytes completely dissociate in water, while weak electrolytes only partially dissociate or break apart in water.
22.  Element 
 If all the atoms in a substance has the same identity it becomes {blank}.
23.  Electrons 
 Particles in a atom with a negative charge.
24.  Electron Cloud
 Area around a nucleus where electrons are mostly found.
25.  Electron Dot Diagram 
 Uses the symbol of the element and dots to represent electrons.
26.  Metallic Bonding   
Positively charged metallic ions surrounded by a electron cloud.
27.  Metals 
 Good conductors of heat and electricity.
28.  Metalloids 
 Has properties of both nonmetals and metals.
29.  Malleable 
 Can be hammered.
30.  Molecule 
 A neutral molecule that forms as a result of electron sharing.
31.Nonmetals 
 Usually gasses or brittle solids at room temperature.
32.  Nucleus  
The center of a atom.
33.  Neutrons  
 Particles in a atom with no charge.
34.  Oxidation Number 
Tells you how many electrons an atom has gained or lost.
35.  Physical Property
 Characteristic of a material you can observe without changing the identity.
36.  Physical Change  
 A change in size, shape, or state.
37.  Periodic Table
 A table filled with elements in order of atomic numbers, etc.
38.Pressure 
Force exerted per area. (Formula)
39.  Polyatomic Ion 
Positively or negatively charged, covalently bonded group.
40.                        Additivies
 something that is added, as one substance to another, to alter or improve the general quality or to counteract undesirable properties
41.  Affinity
 Affinity is the tendency of a molecule to associate with another. The affinity of a drug is its ability to bind to its biological target (receptor, enzyme, transport system, etc.)



12 komentar:

  1. Tell me more about antinodes, please?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. These are the points that undergo the maximum displacement during each vibrational cycle of the standing wave. In a sense, these points are the opposite of nodes, and so they are called antinodes. Antinodes, on the other hand, are produced at locations where constructive interference occurs. For instance, if a crest of one wave meets a crest of a second wave, a point of large positive displacement results. Similarly, if a trough of one wave meets a trough of a second wave, a point of large negative displacement results. Antinodes are always vibrating back and forth between these points of large positive and large negative displacement; this is because during a complete cycle of vibration, a crest will meet a crest; and then one-half cycle later, a trough will meet a trough. Because antinodes are vibrating back and forth between a large positive and large negative displacement.

      Hapus
  2. give an example about diffusion in chemical reaction

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. oxygen can diffuse through cell membranes and if there is a higher concentration of oxygen outside the cell than inside, oxygen molecules diffuse into the cell. However, because the movement of molecules is random, occasionally oxygen molecules move out of the cell (against the concentration gradient).

      Hapus
  3. What are the examples of Distillation in chemistry? Explain.

    BalasHapus
  4. Distillation is the technique of heating a liquid to create vapor which is collected when cooled separate from the original liquid. It's based on the different boiling point or volatility values of the components. The technique may be used to separate components of a mixture or to aid in purification.

    The equipment used for distillation may be called a distillation apparatus or still.

    A structure designed to house one or more stills is termed a distillery.
    Distillation Example

    Pure water can be separated from salt water through distillation. Salt water is boiled to create form steam, but the salt remains in the solution. The steam is collected and allowed to cool back into salt-free water. The salt remains in the original container.

    BalasHapus
  5. Balasan
    1. These are the points that undergo the maximum displacement during each vibrational cycle of the standing wave. In a sense, these points are the opposite of nodes, and so they are called antinodes

      Hapus
  6. Can you explain to me about alkaline acids and some theories?

    BalasHapus
  7. Give me an example of polyatomic Ion?

    BalasHapus
  8. Write down the characteristics of the Electron Dot Diagram ?

    BalasHapus
  9. Give an example of a reaction to the alkaline to form an alkane?

    BalasHapus